An intersection–union test for supporting the hypothesis that a given investment strategy is optimal among a set of alternatives is presented. It compares the Sharpe ratio of the benchmark with that of each other strategy. The intersection–union test takes serial dependence into account and...

Traditional portfolio optimization has been often criticized since it does not account for estimation risk. Theoretical considerations indicate that estimation risk is mainly driven by the parameter uncertainty regarding the expected asset returns rather than their variances and covariances....

Two shrinkage estimators for the global minimum variance portfolio that dominate the traditional estimator with respect to the out-of-sample variance of the portfolio return are derived. The presented results hold for any number of observations n = d 2 and number of assets d = 4. The...

Traditional portfolio optimization has been often criticized since it does not account for estimation risk. Theoretical considerations indicate that estimation risk is mainly driven by the parameter uncertainty regarding the expected asset returns rather than their variances and covariances....

In this paper, we derive two shrinkage estimators for the global minimum variance portfolio that dominate the traditional estimator with respect to the out-of-sample variance of the portfolio return. The presented results hold for any number of observations d + 2 and number of assets d 4. The...