household income and assets in Kenya. We use a survey panel dataset, which allows us to control for unobserved heterogeneity … across households, and show that the commercialization of vegetables through both market channels contributes positively to … welfare, even when addressing the issue of selection into commercialization. While the production of vegetables for the export …

Kenya. Participation in supermarket channels is associated with a 50% gain in average household income, leading to …

. Especially for the procurement of fresh fruits and vegetables, supermarkets often contract farmers directly to ensure consistent … implications for other dimensions of household welfare were hardly examined. We add to this literature by using panel data from … smallholder vegetable farmers in Kenya and econometric models with household fixed effects to estimate average and heterogeneous …

quantity and quality, smallholders, in particular, have to increase their reliability in order to be able to compete within the …