expenditure (Pov1), infant mortality rate (Pov2), and life expectancy (Pov3). The findings from this study revealed that FDI has a … poverty reduction measure. When infant mortality rate is used as a poverty reduction proxy, an insignificant relationship is …

Responsibility for the tremendous excess mortality associated with the Great Irish Famine of 1846-51 is a continuing … lack of detailed information on how well relief efforts performed at a local level. Excess mortality ranged from one … administrative records. We use those records to study the Union's day-to-day functioning during the famine and to estimate mortality …