We examine pricing in markets where products may be of heterogeneous quality and buyers have heterogeneous preferences. The sellers cannot credibly communicate the quality they offer, and consequently price acts as a signal of quality. We determine the equilibria of the model both when the...

We consider an economy where many sellers sell identical goods to many buyers. Each seller has a unit supply and each buyer has a unit demand. The only possible information flow about prices is through costly advertising. We show that in equilibrium the sellers use mixed strategies in pricing...

We study Butters's (1977) model under concave advertising costs, and determine a class of cost functions such that each seller sends the same finite number of ads in equilibrium. Then we consider the limit economy where the number of buyers and sellers grow indefinitely, and show that the...