We examine a trivariate time series model that is subject to a regime switch, where the shifts are governed by an unobserved, two-state variable that follows a Markov process. The analysis is performed in a Bayesian framework developed by Albert and Chib (1993), where the unobserved states are...

While this is typically ignored, the properties of the stochastic process followed by aggregate consumption affect the estimates of the costs of fluctuations. This paper pursues two approaches to modelling aggregate consumption dynamics and to measuring how much society dislikes fluctuations,...

Stock investments have become increasingly international, but only recently a deeper theoretical understanding of the forces influencing global stock market returns has been gained from empirical studies. This is a crucial issue for asset managers in order to control the risks and exposures of...

The influence of government expenditure on private consumption has been debated among scholars. Some studies have found a positive linkage between the two while some others have found a negative one. In this study, the Markov-Switching Autoregressive (MSAR) model was used to investigate the...

This paper uses a time-varying parameter Markov switching model to measure linkages between business confidence, consumer confidence, and the state of the economy in the US and the UK. Falling business confidence significantly increases the probability that growth will subsequently fall. Rising...