The dismantling of the socialist mode of production in Bulgaria and Romania has marked the beginning of a turbulent and unprecedented period which poses new challenges to organisations. While in the past organisations were mere extensions of the five year central plan, they now have to take...

This paper outlines the economic reform process being undertaken in China and the subsequent partial closure and radical down-sizing of the state-owned enterprise sector. Redundancies arising out the restructuring process have eroded the state-worker contract of the iron rice-bowl. This has...