Private politics are often introduced by market participants in the absence of public regulation. But when is private … politics enough, efficient, or better than administratively costly public regulation? We present a novel framework in which we … can study the interaction between regulation, self-regulation by the firm, and boycotts by the activists in a dynamic game …

account key institutional features of EU public utilities, such as: a) regulation by agencies with various degrees of …

The objective of this study is to map the landscape of transnational private regulation (TPR) in professional services …. Transnational private regulation in professional services examines the emerging body of rules created by private actors in a manner …

Public regulation is increasingly facing competition from "private politics" in the form of activism and corporate self-regulation …. However, its effectiveness, welfare consequences, and interaction with public regulation are poorly understood. This paper … presents a unified dynamic framework for studying the interaction between public regulation, self-regulation, and boycotts. We …

passengers. However, for a number of years it has been the case that technological advances have rendered much regulation …

regulations under which these services are provided. This is regulation – but it is private regulation, or regulation by the … market, as opposed to statutory regulation. The scope for competition has also been broadened as drivers compete with each …

Private certification as a means of risk regulation and quality assurance offers advantages over government regulation … institutional advantages over government regulation. Critics of private certification question its legitimacy, asserting that … private regulation is less participatory, transparent, and accountable than government regulation. The article responds to …