In 2012 the global struggle to suppress price-fixing cartels reached a milestone. For the first time, U.S. monetary penalties exceeded $50 billion and worldwide antitrust penalties surpassed $100billion.This paper describes trends in private recoveries and their role in deterring cartels. The...

This report explains the principal economic and legal features of a unique set of data on 283 modern private international cartels discovered anywhere in the world from January 1990 to the end of 2005. Measured in real 2005 money, aggregate cartel sales and overcharges totaled about $1.2...

This report explains the principal economic and legal features of a unique set of data on 283 modern private international cartels discovered anywhere in the world from January 1990 to the end of 2005. Measured in real 2005 money, aggregate cartel sales and overcharges totaled about $1.2...

This three-page article is a succinct, nontechnical introduction to the topic of the economics private international cartels. It explains contemporary economic theories of collusion, the major empirical features of discovered cartels, antitrust laws meant to combat price fixing, and the concept...

• The purpose of the following charts is to illustrate the size and economic impacts of the modern international cartel movement and the enforcement responses of the world’s antitrust authorities and national courts. These illustrations may serve heuristic purposes or show empirical...

This paper presents and analyses economic data on 167 international cartels that were discovered by antitrust authorities after January 1990. The median cartel had five corporate members and generated $1.2 billion in sales during the collusive period. Nearly 40% of affected sales occurred in the...

The objective of this paper is to look for empirical regularities in the sample of 389 recidivists that engaged in international price-fixing in the past 20 years. Recidivism appears to be increasing rapidly, both in number and relative to all corporate cartelists. Recidivists are overwhelmingly...