We review Baumol's typology of productive, unproductive and destructive entrepreneurship. We argue that the typology is … the thesis that entrepreneurship has become less productive, due to the unintended effects of entrepreneurship policies … adopted widely in Western economies. These have straight-jacketed, distracted and zombified entrepreneurship. Removing these …

Total factor productivity of twenty OECD countries for a recent period (1971-2002) is explained using six different … models based on the established literature. Traditionally, entrepreneurship is not dealt with in these models. In the present … paper it is shown that – when this variable is added - in all models there is a significant influence of entrepreneurship …

competitiveness of the economy and may establish new jobs. The gains of entrepreneurship are only realized, however, if the business … the medium term through "creative destruction" as entrepreneurs strive for increased productivity. …