This paper examines the impact of coordination costs and organizational rigidity on the returns to diversification. The … central thesis is that coordination costs offset economies of scope, while organizational rigidity increases coordination … costs, further constraining economies of scope. The empirical tests of this proposition identify the effects of coordination …

This paper provides theory and evidence about how vertical collaboration between an integrated firm and a focused …

-level co-determination. Although our data span two severe recessions when labour hoarding costs of co-determination are …

or overhead costs has increased in prominence. We relate these changes in firms' cost structures to performance measures … and document that markups and gross profit rates increase substantially as the role of variable costs in production …