In this paper we evaluate the effect of the presence of mafia organizations at local level through the estimation of a production function over a stratified sample of Italian firms. We find evidence of a negative impact on productivity, which is not significantly different between small and...

This paper examines how firms in an emerging economy are affected by violence due to drug trafficking. Employing rich longitudinal plant-level data covering all of Mexico from 2005–2010, and using an instrumental variable strategy that exploits plausibly exogenous spatiotemporal variation in...