Norwegian distribution companies have been subjected to an incentive regulation scheme from 1997, and the efficiency incentives were further strengthened with the introduction of yardstick regulation in 2007. We examine the productivity development for these companies in the period from 2004 to...

We construct a Malmquist productivity index based on stochastic non-parametric envelopment of data (StoNED) method, and we study how the distributional assumptions in the second StoNED stage affect productivity change and its decompositions. Our discussion show that the distributional...