We identify the most significant factors that have influenced the profitability of European banking sector during the negative interest rate period (NIRP), with a particular focus on the bank size, loan portfolio quality, ownership structure, and location. Based on a panel dataset from 560 banks...

We analyse the effects of sovereign risk premium on bank profitability amongst 154 Eurozone banks during the period 2005 – 2019. In contrast to some of the results in the previous literature, we find that the euro area banks have not suffered too much from the extremely low and negative...