the projected mortality rates. Therefore, we propose an alternative approach the ARIMA processes based on a deep learning …

The adaptive learning approach has been fruitfully employed to model the formation of aggregate expectations at the … macroeconomic level, as an alternative to rational expectations. This paper uses adaptive learning to understand, instead, the … sentiment, defined as the degrees of excess optimism and pessimism that cannot be justified by the near-rational learning model …

, Simpson, and Gelman(2018), to a setting where dynamic learning occurs about features of predictive densities of possibly … misspecified models. This improves the averaging process of good and bad model forecasts. We summarise how this learning is done in … connection with machine learning. We illustrate our suggestion using results from Ba̧stürk, Borowska, Grassi, Hoogerheide, and …