Workflow scheduling aims to optimize task allocation and execution in cloud-fog​ computing environments. Finding an optimal algorithm for workflow scheduling poses a significant challenge due to the complexity and variability of tasks and resources involved. Although meta-heuristic algorithms...

Traditional model of management is based on hierarchical decomposition of organizational structure. Company is divided on workroom, union, partitions and every formation of his has independent agenda and his responsibility. However the formations often have tendency create about themselves...