Adam S. Wallwork is an attorney in the public finance and tax departments of Ballard Spahr LLP in Washington, D.C. In this article, Wallwork shows how tax reform has affected the municipal bond market and why Republicans should care

In November 2008, China announced a RMB4trn package of economic stimulus measures that also dealt with how it would be funded. As a result, in March 2009, the National People's Congress (China's parliament), with the approval of the central government, authorized the Ministry of Finance to issue...

This paper presents a simulation model based on the growth rate, the inflation rate, and the consumption tax rate in the future. Future tax revenues and fiscal expenditures are projected using regression models estimated from past data. The fiscal situation is called unsustainable if the...

This paper aims to provide guidance to issuers of sovereign ESG bonds, with a focus on Emerging Market and Developing Economies (EMDEs). An overview of the ESG financing options available to sovereign issuers is followed by an analysis of the operational requirements and costs that the issuance...

This study analyzes the differences in interest rates of GO and RV bonds. Empirical analyses show that RV bonds cost an average of 74 basis points more than the GO bonds. We hypothesize that differences in information asymmetry influence these yield differences. We use the issue spread as a...

To what extent do bond market reactions to an unexpected deficit shock depend on state-specific politics? To answer this question, we calculate German state bond spreads over government benchmark paper using information from Datastream for the period 2006-2010. We test for a variety of...

The crisis phenomena in the global and Russian economy directly related to the introduction of quarantine measures in 2020, led to the deficit of the consolidated regional budget. At end-2020, the consolidated regional budget and the budgets of territorial state extra-budgetary funds ran a...

Chinese local governments have issued a large number of local government financing vehicle (LGFV) bonds since 1994 when the Budget Law was promulgated, where local governments were prohibited from raising debt on their own. Although LGFV bonds are implicitly backed by governments, there has been...

We investigate the association between a wide range of environmental and social outcomes and the credit risk of municipal finance fixed income securities. Building on recent work documenting the pricing of climate risk, future opioid health care costs and race-based investor preferences at the...

The drastic increase in volume of local government debt in Hungary started in 2006. My hypothesis assumes that a supposable improvement in local municipal financial management might resulted in the spread of bond issue, which in Hungary is still considered innovative. The paper is aimed at...