power from landowners to industrialists at local town meetings, affected investments in local public education. We use an … also economically substantial. For example, per capita spending on education increased by approximately 37% within 6 years …

compared to persons from high-status families. This paper examines whether reforms in education can help to reduce the socio …) changes in the resources allocated to education between different socio-economic groups (reform effects) and (b) changes in … return which relate to the impact of education on turnout in different groups. We use this framework to analyze a reform of …