Rising public debt everywhere has raised the question of how to reduce debt again in the future. High public debt also seems to be an impediment for the exit of central banks from ultra-low interest rates and quantitative easing. Historical precedents and proposals have included austerity,...

The Federal Republic of Germany, together with the United States of America, is one of the most determined opponents to the developing countries' demand for a general debt moratorium (and also the UNCTAD integrated programme on commodities). However, the outcome of recent international...

This study aims to explore the relationship between public debt and trade openness on economic growth in the context of the Indonesian economy. The symmetric model (Autoregressive Distributed Lag/ARDL) and the asymmetric model (Nonlinear ARDL) are employed to estimate the association among the...