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Iran's 2005 Article IV Consultation highlights Fourth Five-Year Development Plan (FFYDP) and the Twenty-Year Vision. The country's real GDP growth reached 5½ percent a year on average, unemployment declined, and macroeconomic indicators improved significantly, supported by favorable oil...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011244296
This unique study discusses the theory of taxation in Islam and the role of Zakat in an Islamic economy. Zakat is a compulsory payment i.e. a tax in this sense paid to the government on one’s income and wealth. The Zakat rates are studied for their viability and effectiveness to fulfill fiscal...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008476362
Interest is prohibited in all monotheist religions; however, it features as an essential element in practiced capitalism. Interest based financial system has created two major havocs in last two decades i.e. in East Asia in 90s and in the Great Recession since 2007. This paper highlights the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008476389
This paper re-examines the stock-flow discrepancies of government debt and deficits and correlation with fiscal transparency. Applying the fully integrated relationship between financial stocks and flows allows for a more refined analysis of the deterministic components that make up the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011142141
Today’s record public debt levels in most advanced economies are not only a direct fall-out from the global crisis. Public debt had ratcheted up over many decades before, when it had been used, in most of the G-7 countries, as the ultimate shock absorber—rising in bad times but not...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011142218
Poverty and inequality around the world has been rising over the last three decades and the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) seems a far fetched goal. In explaining underdevelopment, Classical Economics has offered many theories and models including but not limited to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011257874
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Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012806640
country PFM reforms that could contribute towards budget income in Kenya and Rwanda. We find that Political will and … budget impact as evidenced in our case for Rwanda. In contrast, limitation of such policy factors in PFM value chain … undermines the fiscal impact of reforms as found in Kenya. Keywords: Public Financial Management, Kenya, Rwanda, PEFA, budget …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012418946
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