-surgical treatment and the availability of primary care and specialty physicians. We used Symmetry’s Episode Treatment Groups (ETG … and higher cost per episode for all three conditions, while greater availability of primary care physicians is … for surgical vs. non-surgical treatments and the availability of both primary care physicians and relevant specialists are …

Recent experimental studies analyze the behavior of physicians towards patients and nd that physicians care for their … physicians take into account the payo s of the third party, which can lead to underprovision of medical services. We conduct a …

strong position on the market for health care services. Physicians exert a type of monopolistic power which can be described … counterbalance the strong bargaining position of the physicians. Thus, health care expenditure is higher, financing either extra … profits for physicians or a higher number of them. In addition, health insurers do not have an incentive to contract …