This paper provides a survey of a number of studies conducted in recent years, above all at the Bank of Italy, aiming at assessing the quality and the efficiency of public services in Italy. We consider services provided by the central government (education and civil justice), regional...

Since 2020, Indonesia has been facing the Covid-19 pandemic for 2 years. Many impacts caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, especially on the economy, have led to a recession. Regional revenues are disrupted during a recession so local governments depend on central government transfer funds. From...

This paper analyses the underpinning institutional foundations of autonomy in public service delivery in Vietnam compared to the OECD countries. These include formal institutions such as governance structures, and informal institutions such as norms and values. Vietnam embarked on autonomization...