This chapter suggests that a model of a costlessly produced, competitively supplied, convertible money is compatible with a macroeconomic model with a determinate price level, a classical dichotomy between the real and monetary sectors, in which Say's Law (Identity) is valid, the latter being...

This chapter uses the classical money model introduced in Chapter 2 to explain the different views of Adam Smith and David Hume on banking and the price-specie-flow mechanism (PSFM). These differences reappeared in the debates between the Banking School and the Currency School over Peel's Bank...

This chapter responds to criticisms by (Blaug, M. (1995). Why is the quantity theory the oldest surviving theory in economics? In M. Blaug (Ed.), The quantity theory of money: From Locke to Keynes and Friedman. Edward Elgar.) and (O’Brien, D.P. (1995). Long-run equilibrium and cyclical...

This chapter explores the different explanations of Ricardo and Thornton for the depreciation of sterling after convertibility of sterling into gold was suspended during the Napoleonic Wars. Ricardo held that only overissue by the Bank of England could have caused depreciation of sterling while...

Monetary-policy rules arise when the value of a medium of exchange exceeds its cost of production. Two classes of monetary rules can be identified: (1) price rules that target the value of money in terms of a real commodity, e.g., gold, or in terms of an index of prices, and (2) quantity rules...