The reform of European railroads is a time-consuming process strongly charac-terized by its path-dependency. Firstly, a short outline of the historical roots of the controversial debates on the role of the state and the markets, and the organi-zation of competition in European railroad...

Die Frage nach der Arbeitsteilung zwischen Staat und Markt ist seit der Erfin-dung der Eisenbahnen Gegenstand heftiger Kontroversen. Sie kristallisierte sich im 19. Jahrhundert zunächst in der grundsätzlichen Thematik heraus, ob und in wie weit wettbewerblich organisierte Märkte im...

The railroad package of 2001 focusing on access regulation is in the process of a reform. Particularly, the European Commission intends to remove the obstacles to fair competition that have been identified since 2001. In this context, the paper points out the relevance of the disaggregated...

This chapter is organized as follows: In section 2 the historical roots of third par-ty access regulation are characterized. This includes the Prussian railway law of 1838 and the terminal railroad case of 1912. In section 3 a normative frame-work, based on modern network economics, for the...