Trade and investment can be effective means of implementation of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda. However …, stand-alone trade and investment liberalization policies aimed at enhancing economic development may have negative side …-effects on non-economic facets of sustainable development. As such, they are best to be accompanied by trade facilitation …

many potential gains from entering into free trade agreements (FTAs) with its neighbors, who collectively form a large and …

We study the effect of international trade and freeness of trade (openness) on interregional inequality within … on weighted trade shares and trade costs. In addition to the standard trade-to-GDP ratio, we derive and propose an … aggregate freeness-of-trade measure based on phiness of trade. Both measures are instrumented by proxies constructed from …

As East Asia becomes increasingly integrated through market-driven trade and FDI activities, free trade agreements … participation of low-income countries and reduce trade-related business costs, particularly for small and medium enterprises. A … plausible regional trade arrangements. …

Gravity equations have been used for more than 50 years to estimate ex post the partial effects of trade costs on … international trade flows, and the well-known - and traditionally presumed exogenous - "trade-cost elasticity" plays a central role … in computing general equilibrium trade-flow and welfare effects of trade-cost changes. This paper addresses theoretically …

Although it is well-known that a global trade regime best ensures economic welfare, there has nevertheless been a … proliferation of free trade agreements (FTAs) between individual countries. This poses the challenge known as the "noodle bowl … for entering an FTA rather than anticipating a global trade regime. Using basic game theories, we show that in order for …

What influences the adoption of transparency obligations in trade agreements, and what are its effects? This paper uses … a new dataset on transparency provisions in over a hundred regional trade agreements (RTAs) to provide empirical … evidence of the political economy determinants of international transparency commitments, as well as the trade impact of …

Countries embarking on trade negotiations are not only seeking increased market access, but also, reduced market … trade agreements (RTAs) concluded by OECD and large emerging economies over the last decade. While there is a lively … discussion on strengthening transparency in the World Trade Organization (WTO), scant attention has been paid to the evolution of …