"Occupational licensure, including regulation of the professions, dates back to the medieval period. While the guilds that performed this regulatory function have long since vanished, professional regulation continues to this day. For instance, in the United States, 22 percent of American...

Limited electricity restructuring has occurred in Canada. This chapter focuses on the electricity sector restructuring initiatives of Canada's most populous province, Ontario, examining the province's restructuring process and experiences, the aftermath of re-regulation and the lessons learned....

This paper examines the short-lived electricity sector restructuring initiative of the province of Ontario, Canada's largest province. In May 2002, following years of planning and consultation Ontario opened its retail and wholesale electricity markets to competition. The summer of 2002 saw...