A stable financial system is a prerequisite for well-functioning market exchanges, which, in turn, allow reaping the benefits of economic specialisation and trade. In many countries around the world, the benefits of modern finance are taken for granted. Financial stability comes to the forefront...

The objective of this study is to map the landscape of transnational private regulation (TPR) in professional services. Transnational private regulation in professional services examines the emerging body of rules created by private actors in a manner that leapfrogs national borders. Driven by...

On the occasion of the US - Gambling ruling, the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) came to the forefront. Several critiques against this ruling highlighted the urgent need to clarify important concepts laid down in the GATS. Domestic regulation is arguably the overarching concept...

From European integration to domestic politics to the development of the global economy, technocracy and private ordering have shaped economic behaviour. Such transformative private-driven forces of economic activity flourished through the promulgation of voluntary standards. In view of the...

This paper presents the results of a four-year project tackling several issues relating to multilateral and preferential trade in services. One of the underlying organising principles of our research on services trade has been a presumed fault line between the innate coherence that is achieved...

The multilateral legal framework governing trade in services -- Barriers to trade in services -- Domestic regulations and the GATS -- Creating a horizontal necessity test for services -- Transparency and domestic regulations in services