on competition, and therefore on business dynamism, productivity and ultimately well-being. A recent update of the OECD …. Regulatory reform can improve consumer welfare by boosting competition and thus lowering prices of key goods and services, which … competition will also allow higher wages. Reducing barriers to entry can facilitate firm creation, boosting investment and jobs. …

competition for a solution. Yardstick competition, however, ignores quality issues. This paper fills this gap in the literature … and shows that endogenizing quality changes the results of yardstick competition substantially. Quality will be zero and … cost reduction efforts can be heavily distorted. In general, a simpler version of yardstick competition average cost …

power should be included into rebuttable presumptions used for competition policy and regulation: market power on voice …

consumer surplus. We relate our findings to competition cases in digital markets. …

products. Next, we examine four major rationales for regulatory intervention of this kind: (1) competition in the form of lower … prices and greater innovation in retail markets is desirable, (2) competition in retail markets cannot be achieved with … investment hypothesis), and (4) competition in wholesale access markets is desirable. We proceed by testing empirically the major …

Digital markets have raised a number of new competition challenges. Ex-post competition policy appears not to be able … policy-makers, that ex-ante regulatory policies are needed to avoid competition being stifled in these markets, with a …