The EU recently established new supranational financial supervision authorities — ESAs — capable of adopting binding supervisory decisions. The upgraded regulatory framework also inaugurated judicial review by a newly established Board of Appeal and the Court of Justice against these...

This contribution investigates the form and content of a new and updated European Union (EU) legal framework intended to regulate third-country import pipelines for gas, including the ‘upstream' component of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline. The article will first set the scene and examine the...

The beginning of the twenty-first century saw an apparent change in language in public discourses characterised by the rise of so-called “essentially oxymoronic concepts”, i.e., mainly oxymora and paradoxes. In earlier times, these rhetorical figures of speech were largely reserved for the...

This chapter assesses the development and possible future orientation(s) of EU Energy Law and Policy, focusing upon the commitment to market liberalization and market-based approaches, as well as the combination of EU and national level actors, institutions and policies. The combination of goals...

This work is the only current, single volume coverage of the the latest EU energy legislation and its application on the context of the rules of the EU Treaties. Providing a comprehensive account of EU energy law following the adoption of the third energy package in 2009 this book focuses on...

The key argument of this contribution is that there is a case for harmonisation of the rules for online rating and review systems at the European level in order to create a level playing field for the collaborative economy. Following the model of the ‘new approach’ which has been efficient...

The traditional debate on governmental regulation has run its course, with economically minded analysts pointing to regulation's inefficiency while those focused on justice purposefully avoid the economic paradigm to defend regulation's role in protecting consumers, workers, and society's...

This paper takes a critical look at the explanatory value of "regulatory competition" as a term or idea in debate about law and legal systems. The paper's central contention is that it has only very limited usefulness, and is easily misused. It is an idea that has explanatory force in highly...

Regulation is often casually conceived of as functioning like a binary on/off switch: as if an area, issue, or industry is either regulated or not. While this binary model of regulation can be useful, it also decontextualizes regulatory decisions from their position in time, and thus obscures...