The spin-32 Ising model Hamiltonian with arbitrary bilinear (J) and biquadratic (K) pair interactions is studied by using the lowest approximation of the cluster variation method (LACVM) and the path probability method (PPM) with the point distribution. First, equilibrium properties of the model...

We investigate the temperature dependence of the order parameters of the Blume–Capel model for zero magnetic field in the lowest approximation of the cluster variation method which is identical to the mean-field approximation. Besides the stable branches of the order parameters, we establish...

The dynamic behaviour of the modified Pople–Karasz model is studied by the direct relaxation method and the path probability method. First the equilibrium behaviour of the model is given briefly in order to understand the dynamic behaviour. Then the direct relaxation method, which is based on...