This research reviews relevant literature on the current state and effectiveness of developing renewable energy on energy security in general, and on energy security in the European Union in particular. The paper elaborates on primary energy import sources, possible alternatives, and how energy...

The global low-carbon energy transition will require major changes to institutional practices and energy industry paradigms with implications for society writ large. A country’s existing institutional pattern inevitably shapes the transition, and helps or hinders its progress. This is perhaps...

Turkey's energy market has expanded over the course of the past decade at a pace that only the People's Republic of China (PRC) has approached. This shows that Turkey has serious potential. To achieve the energy targets for 2023, there is an expectation that the market must receive investments...

1. Introduction - Africa’s Net Zero Transition -- 2. Global Investment and Development in Africa -- 3. Remedies to the Challenges of Renewable Energy Deployment in Africa -- 4. Influencing The Scale of Africa's Energy Transition -- 5. Technological Pathways to Net-Zero Goals in Africa -- 6....

This paper compares the different multi-level climate and energy governance in China, the European Union and the United States. While many comparisons across these three economies exist, they concentrate on comparing the climate and energy "policy instruments" and their results. This paper puts...