; trading strategy ; profitability of recommendations … recommendation profitability (Loh and Mian (2006)). Differentiating between "able" and "lucky" analysts we suggest an implementable …, i.e. look-ahead bias free, trading strategy that yields annual excess returns of 11.5% before transactions costs during …

to earn returns in excess of the buy-and-hold trading strategy. The significance and robustness of the results are …