average, LAC's pension systems are subsidized, as they provide pensions above what workers would have obtained by investing … replacement rates (pensions relative to earnings) for low-income workers. Despite this progressivity, in some countries, absolute … much more progressive, but still, because low-income workers do not qualify for minimum pensions, between 50-60% of …

pensions. Present and future public subsidies may at the same time be reduced. We propose a quantitative analysis of the 2008 … reform of the Paris Metro pensions. Focusing on the case of train drivers, we show that the reform should save public funds …