patent quantity is driven by knowledge exchange rather than joint R&D. Firms engaged in joint R&D, on the other hand, receive … more forward citations per patent indicating that joint R&D enhances patent quality. In light of literature on strategic …&D Collaboration ; Knowledge Exchange ; Patents ; Innovation ; Count Data Models …

on the basis of patent data was conducted and a weighted bivariate probit model was estimated on the citation probability … of industry and science on the basis of a combined sample of citing and cited patent pairs and an equal number of control … patent pairs. The empirical results suggest that there are considerable differences in the citation probability. Cultural …

Collaboration over distance is difficult to maintain in innovation projects which require a great deal of regional … collaboration. However, patent documents reveal that a number of inventor teams are able to overcome long distances. Earlier … literature started to investigate factors, which increase the probability of long-distance innovation co-operation. The paper at …

supports earlier literature on the importance of proximity in innovation. …