recovery of antitrust damages to direct purchasers. However, antitrust damages are typically (in part) passed on to … collusion. It allows an upstream cartel to shield itself from private damage claims by forwarding a share of cartel profits to … private damages. The cartel can achieve this by rationing inputs at low prices. Several U.S. antitrust cases show symptoms of …

the participants of these cartels in a number of antitrust jurisdictions. There is empirical evidence suggesting that …

advantage. We examine the effect of an antitrust policy that prohibits both platforms (symmetric regulation), or just the …

We examine the relation between consumer search and equilibrium prices when collusion is endogenously determined. We …

with both the body of economic research on bidder collusion and with the antitrust jurisprudence on information exchange … antitrust law. Recent theoretical research conjectures that, in an SSO, patent owners can “hold up” patent users in the sense of … conjecture, actual SSOs have recently sought no-action letters from the Antitrust Division for a variety of amendments to SSO …

-agent learning processes, suggesting that algorithmic collusion may not be an immediate concern for antitrust authorities …

facilitates upstream collusion. These findings have important implications for antitrust policy and market regulation …Successful upstream collusion must satisfy both the incentive constraint (keeping cartel members in line) and the … compensation reduces the harm of upstream collusion to social welfare and consumer surplus, a small amount of compensation …

collusion. In the limit, when all shareholders are completely diversified, the firms act as if they were owned by a single …