I develop a dynamic oligopoly model to study the evolution of retail grocery: Grocery chains expand at the expense of independent local stores. Model estimation only requires panel data on store counts and market demand, yet it quantifies the determinants of chain stores' entry and the...

Problem Definition: Thanks to the ubiquity of social media and the new business model of live-streaming e-commerce, online retailing has recently embraced increasing interactions among customers. Such interactions give rise to strong network effects, i.e., customers are attracted to purchase the...

"This paper empirically examines the effects of market size on producers' sizes in retail trade industries with many producers. A robust prediction of oligopoly theory is that larger markets are more competitive and have lower price-cost markups. Because producers in more competitive markets...

Consumers living near the U.S.-Canada border can shift their expenditures between the two countries, so real exchange rate fluctuations can act as demand shocks to border areas' retail trade industries. Using annual county-level data, we estimate the effects of real exchange rates on the number...