The shortage of seafarers continues in the global shipping market. In particular, the retention of skilled officers has not been maintained. One of the reasons why the number of officers working on merchant ships is because of the working conditions onboard the ship. For instance, there are...

This research is aimed at developing a methodology for assessing the efficacy of a macroeconomic model of the Kazakhstani pension provision system. A hierarchy of indicators of the pension system efficacy is built using the graph method. The representativeness of these indicators is confirmed by...

This study explored the psychological mechanisms that underlie the retirement planning and saving tendencies of Dutch and American workers. Participants were 988 Dutch and 429 Americans, 25-64 years of age. Analyses were designed to: (a) examine the extent to which structural variables were...