The widow(er)'s limit provision of Social Security establishes caps on the benefit amounts of widow(er)s whose deceased spouse filed for early retirement benefits. Currently, 33 percent of Social Security's 8.1 million widow(er) beneficiaries have lower benefits because of that provision. This...

This book takes as a starting point that welfare states in developed societies do not provide systems of social insurance against the risk of an early death. In contrast to the way in which economically developed countries provide ways of insuring citizens against other possibilities, such as...

The social, political and economic future of the European welfare states / by Bent Greve -- A tale of two pensions reforms : a Sraffian view / by Sergio Cesaratto -- Is there a demographic time-bomb? / by Bent Greve -- A market imitating employment subsidy / by Ralph S. Musgrave -- Pauperising...

Previous research unequivocally shows that immigrants are less successful in the labour market than the native-born population. However, little is known about whether ethnic inequality persists after retirement. We use data on 16 Western European countries from the European Union Statistics on...