In the traditional Becker model of employer discrimination, discriminatory behavior arises from a utility-maximizing owner who balances firm profits against the disutility of hiring workers from the disadvantaged demographic group. However, in the modern firm, many human resource decisions are...

This paper focuses on presenting a spectrum of relevant approaches for charities, foundations, and others seeking to become more intentional about incorporating race into their programmatic (as opposed to employment, investment, or other operational) decision-making. Having a common nomenclature...