This article aims to investigate the similarity of public and private real estate returns and risks over the relatively long horizon using data for the U.S and the U.K. The results show evidence of a one-to-one relationship between publicly traded REIT performance and privately traded direct...

This study addresses real estate's riskiness from a distributional viewpoint. Several studies have found real estate returns to be best modeled with stable paretian distributions. Using NCREIF individual property returns this is confirmed, but the first application of stable distributions to...

This paper shows empirically how asset risk and financial leverage interact to explain the equity risk dynamics of value versus growth stocks. During economic downturns, the asset betas and leverage of value firms increase, contributing to a sharp rise in equity betas. Asset betas of growth...

Though part of “market lore,” Black (1976) first reported the inverse relationship between price and volatility, calling it the “leverage effect.” Without providing evidence, Black (1988) claims that in the months leading up to the October ‘87 Crash the relationship changed: price and...

How risk and uncertainty are perceived depends on experience, luck, skills, and modelling, and, unsurprisingly, they are hard to disentangle. Yet asset allocation – leverage – should depend on accurately assessing quantifiable return and risk and unquantifiable uncertainty. Looking beyond...

Mutual fund risk-taking via active portfolio rebalancing varies both in the crosssection and over time. In this paper, I show that the same is true for funds' off- balance sheet risk-taking, even after controlling for on-balance sheet activities. For this purpose, I propose a novel measure of...

Mutual fund risk-taking via active portfolio rebalancing varies both in the cross-section and over time. In this paper, I show that the same is true for funds' off-balance sheet risk-taking, even after controlling for on-balance sheet activities. For this purpose, I propose a novel measure of...

Mutual fund risk-taking via active portfolio rebalancing varies both in the cross- section and over time. In this paper, I show that the same is true for funds' off- balance sheet risk-taking, even after controlling for on-balance sheet activities. For this purpose, I propose a novel measure of...

By exploiting basic common practice accounting and risk management rules, we propose a simple analytical dynamical model to investigate the effects of micro-prudential changes on macro-prudential outcomes. Specifically, we study the consequence of the introduction of a financial innovation that...