This paper uses the enactment of China’s 2007 Property Law (the Law), which reduces the risk of expropriation by local … document evidence consistent with a decrease in firms’ perceived expropriation risk as the main mechanism underlying the Law …

We build a Real Options model to assess the importance of private provision and the impact of expropriation risk on … main topics: the firm's reaction to expropriation risk, the government drivers to expropriate, and the costs this generates … costs of expropriation, results show that the decision of the government regarding the level of political risk will largely …