households. Using data from the Bank of Italy's Survey on Household Income and Wealth covering the financial crisis, we are able … separately. We find that Italian households were able to smooth on average about 85% of shocks to household head's earnings in …/dissavings (40% and 47% in 2008-2010 and 2010-2012, respectively), and within‐household risk‐sharing (16% and 14%). Interestingly …

on household earnings from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. By analyzing total household labor earnings as well as each … ameliorates household earnings risk through both extensive and intensive margins …