international financial center (IFC), specifically an IFC with limited economic breadth. Fintech offers automation opportunities for … financial institutions, and such automation will in most cases make banks more competitive and lower their labor needs. The Hong … that would stimulate the local economy, such as equity crowdfunding. Automation will generally translate into a reduction …

survey (ESJS), jobs are bundled according to their estimated risk of automation. The paper builds on the methodology of … high risk of automation. The distribution of high automatability across industries and occupations is also found to be …

Automation risk of workers prevails less in large cities compared to small cities, but little is known about the … drivers of this emerging urban phenomenon. We examine the role of cities on changes in automation risk through individual … automation risk of workers. We find that high-skilled workers enjoy dynamic occupation upgrades in cities and benefit from …