Many risk measures can be defined through the quantile function of the underlying loss variable (e.g., a class of distortion risk measures). When the loss variable is discrete or mixed, however, the definition of risk measures has to be broadened, which makes statistical inference trickier. To...

Over the last decade, researchers, practitioners, and regulators had intense debates about how to treat the data collection threshold in operational risk modeling. For fitting the loss severity distribution, several approaches have been employed: the empirical approach, the “naive” approach,...

Considerable literature has been devoted to developing statistical inferential results for risk measures, especially for those that are of the form of L-functionals. However, practical and theoretical considerations have highlighted quite a number of risk measures that are of the form of ratios,...

Evaluating risk measures, premiums, and capital allocation based on dependent multi-losses is a notoriously difficult task. In this paper, we demonstrate how this can be successfully accomplished when losses follow the multivariate Pareto distribution of the second kind, which is an attractive...

The Expected Shortfall (ES) is one of the most important regulatory risk measures in finance, insurance, and statistics, which has recently been characterized via sets of axioms from perspectives of portfolio risk management and statistics. Meanwhile, there is large literature on insurance...

We introduce and explore Gini-type measures of risk and variability, and develop the corresponding economic capital allocation rules. The new measures are coherent, additive for co-monotonic risks, convenient computationally, and require only finiteness of the mean. To elucidate our theoretical...

In the recent Basel Accords, the Expected Shortfall (ES) replaces the Value-at-Risk (VaR) as the standard risk measure for market risk in the banking sector, making it the most popular risk measure in financial regulation. Although ES is - in addition to many other nice properties - a coherent...