This paper analyzes the impact of countries' tax attractiveness on the allocation of risk within multinational groups … globally. We show that tax symmetry positively influences the relative amount of risk allocated to subsidiaries. Both time and … decrease the relative amount of risk taken. …

-term decisionmaking and associated risk exposure of electricity retailers in day-ahead and intraday markets. First, we develop a …-integer optimization model to investigate the trading portfolio and risk optimization problem faced by retailers. Through conditional value-at-risk … we assess retailers' profitability and risk exposure to different levels of PV self-generation by assuming different …

Food safety is a major risk for agribusiness firms. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC …/HACCP) in 1996 and the Food Modernization Act in 2010, to reduce food-safety risk, retail meat facilities continue to experience … evaluate the effectiveness for three strategies that are used by retail meat facilities. Copula value-at-risk (CVaR) was …