Risk is a vital concept to grasp when investing in a firm or project. It is also a key ingredient required to evaluate the cost of capital and perform a valuation. An organization’s capital structure, specifically the amount of leverage and debt financing employed, must be accounted for to...

Using a hand-collected executive pension database, we study how both CEO and non-CEO executive compensation structures affect the overall risk of a firm. We accomplish three major objectives: (i) we provide a significant extension of the Sundaram and Yermack (2007) research framework by...

This study, conducted between 2016-2021 on Southeast Asian mining companies, introduces the Modified Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Index (MERMi) to measure the implementation of ERM based on the COSO 2017 principles. The study found that ERM implementation is influenced by industry...

We develop a dynamic Q-theoretic framework that investigates the interaction among investment, financing, carbon emission reduction, and risk management for financially constrained firms. The model generates the following predictions: (1) financing constraints hinder carbon emission reduction...

We model the financing, cash holdings, and hedging policies of a firm facing financing frictions and subject to permanent and transitory cash flow shocks. We show that permanent and transitory shocks generate distinct, sometimes opposite, effects on corporate policies and use the model to...

This paper investigates the association between Corporate Governance (CG) performance and enterprise risk in India. Study also investigates the behavior of risk under different classifications. As part of this study, Risk is estimated through a Multifactor Estimation of VaR. with Cash Value...

Firms significantly modify their payout policy in anticipation of future litigation costs. We examine a comprehensive sample of U.S. corporate lawsuits and find that firms facing significant litigation risk pay lower dividends, and in some cases omit dividends while distributing more cash...

This paper investigates the effect of corporate risk management on dividend policy. We extend the signaling framework of Bhattacharya (1979) by including the possibility of hedging the future cash flow. We find that the higher the hedging level, the lower the incremental dividend. This result is...

The Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) has considered climate change as a risk issue since 2010. Several emission disclosure initiatives exist aimed at informing investors about the financial risks associated with a zero or low carbon transition. Stricter regulations, particularly in a few...

We develop a model where a firm has an optimal exposure to cyber risk. With rational, fully informed agents and with no hysteresis, a successful cyberattack should have no impact on a financially unconstrained target's reputation and post-attack policies. In contrast, when a successful attack...