In this paper we formulate the Risk Management Control problem in the interest rate area as a constrained stochastic portfolio optimization problem. The utility that we use can be any continuous function and based on the viscosity theory, the unique solution of the problem is guaranteed. The...

Traditional risk measures such as standard deviation and CVaR are properties of the distribution of returns over a specified investment horizon. Because such fixed holding period analysis is relatively easy, and because derivative contracts are fixed-term products, the analysis of derivative...

The financial crisis of 2007-2009 highlighted the importance of liquidity to many investors. University endowment funds, for example, were forced to sell publicly traded securities at substantially depressed values in order to meet funding commitments to private investments. Hedge funds engaged...

Options are financial derivatives which are used as risk management tools for hedging the portfolios. The options traders can play safely in the volatile markets with the help of knowledge of the Greeks associated with the options. This study is focused at providing the knowledge of the Greeks...

The changes in the Basel FRTB regulation come into effect in 2023 and will expose banking institutions to new challenges in terms of implementation, risk quantification and impacts on capital requirements. This paper first suggests an algorithm for implementing the FRTB standardised approach via...