This paper examines capital adequacy regulation in Germany. After a short overview about financial regulation in Germany in general, the paper focuses on the most important development in the area of capital adequacy regulation from the 1930s up to the financial crisis. Two main trends are...

Since 1996 the Basel risk-weighting regime has been based on the distinction between the trading and the banking book. For a long time credit items have been weighted less strictly if held in the trading book, on the assumption that they are easy to hedge or sell. The Great Financial Crisis made...

This study investigates the hypothesis that stricter capital adequacy requirements introduced under the Basel Accord caused Japanese banks to alter their portfolios away from heavily weighted risk assets such as loans and corporate bonds and into unweighted assets such as government bonds.Using...

In the face of rising interest rates in 2022, banks mitigated interest rate exposure of the accounting value of their assets but left the vast majority of their long-duration assets exposed to interest rate risk. Data from call reports and SEC filings shows that only 6% of U.S. banking assets...

In a setting where private information goes public for the first time, we study the real effects of the Basel II Accord requiring banks to calculate operational risk capital, and disclose qualitative and quantitative information. Using a difference-in-differences setup featuring partial US...

Bank internal ratings of corporate clients are intended to quantify the expected likelihood of future borrower defaults. This paper develops a comprehensive framework for evaluating the quality of standard rating systems. We suggest a number of principles that ought to be met by 'good rating...

Non-maturing banking products are important asset and liability positions of banks. Their complexity inter alia arises from a non-trivial pass-through from market to product rates which makes the valuation and risk analysis challenging for both banks and banking supervisors. Based on a large...

This article examines the impact of the new supervisory standards of Basel 2.5 and Basel III for bank trading portfolios with regards to the additional capital requirements developed to mitigate liquidity risk and credit risk. Using the incremental risk charge (IRC), the authors estimate risk...