1 Introduction 11 1.1 Motivation 11 1.2 Pension insurance and riskmanagement 12 1.3 Solvency II 15 1.4 Value-at-Risk (VaR) 18 1.5 Insurancemodeling 19 2 Equity index model 23 2.1 Data on equity returns 23 2.2 Model specification and preliminary estimation 29 2.3 Parameter uncertainty via Markov...