Although financial literature presents ambiguous evidence about the predicting value of fundamental and technical variables in stock markets, we find that evolving trading models based on fundamental variables substantially reduce the risk of investing in stocks. This reduction is so generous...

We infer which risk model investors use by looking at their capital allocation decisions. We find that investors adjust for risk using the beta of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Extensions to the CAPM perform poorly, implying that they do not help explain how investors measure risk

Climate change is happening fast and may have a large impact on investment values. The growing debate about fossil fuel divestment is a signal that investors are slowly waking up to this threat, but long-term investors must do much more if they are to avoid material damage to the value of their...