This study explores the influence of trade policy uncertainty on medical innovation investment in developing nations from 1980 to 2020, with a focus on the period of COVID-19. We used exogenous and heterogeneous exposure to trade-policy-uncertainty resolutions from developing countries' trade...

This paper deals with the modeling of stochastic processes in long-term multi-stage energy planning problems when little information is available on the degree of uncertainty of such processes. Starting from simple estimates of variation intervals for uncertain parameters, such as energy demands...